Acute ethylene glycol intoxication progresses through three distinct stages: central nerve system depression (0.5-12 hours), followed by cardiopulmonary dysfunction (12-24 hours), and finally, renal dysfunction (24-72 hours) . Ethylene glycol is quickly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract, is oxidized to glycolaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver, and is then converted to oxalic acid, glyoxylic acid, and glycolic acid. It generally has a very sweet taste, making it quite palatable for both dogs and cats. It is only one of the chemical treatments applied to the fluid in these systems to prevent problems and extend the efficiency of the system’s cooling ability. 1 gallon of ChemWorld 5290-SR1 will protect 140 gallons of 20% glycol solution from corrosion. Methanol Safety Data Sheet according to Federal Register / Vol. Mono Ethylene Glycol WELmg/m352 mg/m3mg/m3104 mg/m3 PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ENGINEERING MEASURES Well-ventilated area. Treatment of ethylene glycol toxicity is with ethanol, which inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase, fomepizole, which also inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase, and bicarbonate to treat acidosis [38].In some cases hemodialysis has been used [39, 40].Propylene glycol has … As parent alcohol levels fall, acidic metabolites rise. Treatment for ethylene glycol toxicity in dogs may not require hospitalization if it begins within five hours of ingestion. Ethylene Glycol Poisoning in Cats. Is it a crime to poison a cat? Monitor ethanol levels every 2-4 hours until ethylene glycol level is <20 mg/dL and metabolic acidosis is corrected Fomepizole (4-methylpyrazole) Alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor, licensed for the treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning EG is renally eliminated with a half life of about 17 hours On that basis, treatment similar to ethylene glycol intoxication may be of benefit. Although any alcohol can be toxic if ingested in large enough quantities, the term toxic alcohol has traditionally referred to isopropanol, methanol, and ethylene glycol. Ethylene is a fundamental chemical in the production of various important polymers, ... by adsorption with liquid triethylene glycol or by using molecular sieves.2 The dry gas is then cryogenically distilled to separate NGLs from methane. The treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning consists of administering sodium bicarbonate to counteract the ongoing production of acidic metabolites, administering an antidote to prevent ethylene glycol metabolism, and haemodialysis to remove ethylene glycol and glycolic acid [16,21]. Treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning with ethyl alcohol. Ethylene glycol is extremely toxic. This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by ARUP Laboratories. It is poisonous if swallowed. FIRST AID MEASURES. It is clear, odorless, and sweet-tasting, but it can irritate the eyes, skin, and airways. Definitive treatment should be started as soon as possible after consumption of ethylene glycol (within a few hours). compared to both ethylene glycol and methanol, resulting in the blockade of the formation of the toxic compounds. Brake fluid, an automobile transmission liquid, contains poisonous alcohols such as glycol ethers and ethylene glycols. Ethylene glycol, a common antifreeze, coolant and industrial solvent, is responsible for many instances of accidental and intentional poisoning annually. Ethylene glycol is a colorless, odorless, sweet-tasting chemical. Analysis of cost and profit of ethylene glycol in January (20210129) In January , the price of ethylene in Asia first rose and then fell, while the overall trend of ethylene glycol was relatively strong, and the cash flow of ethylene-to-ethylene glycol was revised. Ethylene glycol (EG) treatment is performed by immersing the as-prepared CNT/PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite films in EG for 1 h followed by annealing at 140 °C for 10 min. This protect may be ordered in clear or in pink form. Ethylene glycol assays are not readily available, potentially leading to undue extension or premature termination of HD. Fomepizole Fomepizole (4- -methylpyrazole) Cont. Despite traditional and widespread use of intravenous ethanol as an antidote, its safety is not well described. Second, there is ethylene glycol, most readily available as auto antifreeze-coolant. It is poisonous if swallowed. This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by ARUP Laboratories. Prognosis depends on the amount consumed and how quickly treatment is administered. Treatment options for ethylene glycol toxicity include supportive care, fomepizole (Antizole, 4-Methylpyrazole or 4MP), ethanol, dialysis and theoretically, thiamine, pyridoxine and magnesium. an odorless and sweet-tasting liquid, which makes it prone for accidental consumption. Correct, it was by accident. Long term outcomes may include kidney failure and brain damage. treatment of acute ethylene glycol poisoning is dependent on concentration, the operational parameters used during HD, and the presence and severity of metabolic acidosis. Fluid resuscitation and hemodialysis may be needed for severe acid-base abnormality. A few weeks later he inquired me through the e-mail and asked me if Ethylene Glycol has any effect to BOD, COD and SS of treated effluent. Do not leave the victim unattended. Anaesthesia, 1994, Volume 49, pages 964-967 CASE REPORT Ethylene glycol antifreeze poisoning Three case reports and a review of treatment A. D. WALDER AND C. K. G. TYLER Summary We present three patients with ethylene glycol antifreeze poisoning whose management included the use of continuous veno-venous Glycol is toxic to the whole spectrum of organisms from staphylococcus bacteria to mammals. About. ethylene glycol poisoning depend upon the time after ingestion Treatment challenges can arise from the presence of nonconventional contaminants that are often difficult to remove, and with high strength wastewaters (e.g., ethylene glycol) that may cause operational upset to conventional treatment processes. Ethylene glycol is a colorless, odorless, sweet-tasting chemical. Supportive care is the cornerstone of treatment of the poisoned patient. Antifreeze is a common product used in car radiators to lower the freezing point of water in cooler climates. Ingestion can be fatal if patients do not receive immediate medical treatment. Ethylene glycol may be swallowed accidentally, or it may be taken deliberately in a suicide attempt or as a substitute for drinking alcohol (ethanol). Waste water treatment ⦠Ethylene glycol is a compound found in antifreeze. Polyethylene oxide (PEO) is another name for PEG. Ethanol, found in drinking alcohol, reacts quickly and efficiently with ADH in the body and does not produce acidic products. Emergency Treatment . 58 / Monday, March 26, 2012 / Rules and Regulations Issue date: 07/03/2013 Revision ⦠The toxicity of ethylene glycol is associated with toxic metabolite production by the liver enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. It is often claimed that cats are attracted to the sweet taste of antifreeze, but cats cannot taste sweet. Version 1.4 Revision Date: 05/07/2015. Ingestion of ethylene glycol is a relatively infrequent cause of acute poisoning in the United States, comprising only a small fraction of the nearly 1.3 million patient visits to American emergency departments for treatment of acute poisoning in 2010. While chemically ethylene glycol is very similar to ethyl alcohol, both these compounds are toxic to man. Life Sciences is an international journal publishing articles that emphasize the molecular, cellular, and functional basis of therapy.The journal emphasizes the understanding of mechanism that is relevant to all aspects of human disease and translation to patients. Find patient medical information for ethylene glycol (bulk) on WebMD including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings and user ratings. [Google Scholar] Wacker WE, Haynes H, Druyan R, Fisher W, Coleman JE. Ingestion of ethylene glycol may be an important contributor in patients with metabolic aci- dosis of unknown cause and subsequent renal failure. It can harm the eyes, skin, kidneys, and respiratory system. Use our filters to select the heat transfer fluid that suits your needs. Prognosis is excellent in both poisonings provided that there is early treatment with alkali to combat acidosis, ethanol as an antimetabolite, and haemodialysis to remove the alcohols and their toxic metabolites. Ethylene glycol may be swallowed accidentally, or it may be taken deliberately in a suicide attempt or as a substitute for drinking alcohol (ethanol). In a study of 213 cases with known outcomes — reported to the Veterinary Poisons Information Service (VPIS) — 197 proved fatal. https://www.petpoisonhelpline.com/blog/antifreeze-poisoning-vodka-antidote Non-complexed PSS chains could be effectively removed using the EG treatment, resulting in a decrease in inter-bundle distances in the nanocomposite films. Ethylene glycol and methanol are both readily absorbed from the gut (e.g. CO 2 streams from the reaction steps are Both reactions are carried out in the liquid phase using homogeneous catalysts. Typically, ethylene oxide macromolecules (Fig. Ethylene glycol poisoning causes metabolic acidosis and renal failure and may cause death. In-house ethylene glycol tests may also be utilized, if the ingestion occurred within the last 12 hours. Treatment is aimed at preventing the parent compound (ethylene glycol) from being metabolized, as it is the metabolites that cause acute kidney injury. It is poisonous if swallowed. It is clear, odorless, and sweet-tasting, but it can irritate the eyes, skin, and airways. Because ethylene glycol is rapidly absorbed, gastrointestinal decontamination has little role in treatment. Unfortunately, elimination of ethylene glycol or methanol may take a while: Ethylene glycol is renally cleared with a half-life of 17 hours (longer in patients with renal insufficiency). as little as 30 to 60 mL of ethylene glycol can result in death or serious permanent adverse effects.1,3 Traditionally, ethanol, with or without hemodialysis, has been the mainstay of treatment for ethylene glycol over-dose. If treated promptly and appropriately, pets that have consumed ethylene glycol will not develop kidney failure and have a good chance of survival. Ethylene glycol is so dangerous that just 2 teaspoons of the liquid is lethal for a cat and a couple tablespoons can kill a medium sized dog. Ethyl alcohol has traditionally been used for antidotal treatment, but it has largely been supplanted by fomepizole in the United States. It is important to know the warning signs and treatment protocol for ethylene glycol poisoning. Decrease the amount of ethylene glycol that is absorbed, 2) Flush the unabsorbed ethylene glycol out of the animal’s system, and 3) Prevent absorbed ethylene glycol from being metabolized (Grauer). Analysis of prognostic factors and treatment of a large epidemic of ethylene glycol intoxication. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal. Due to the presence of both an ether and a hydroxyl group in the same molecule, these products are miscible in water, as well as most organic solvents. Treatment options for ethylene glycol poisoning include supportive care, fomepizole (Antizole, 4-Methylpyrazole or 4MP), ethanol, dialysis and theoretically, thiamine, pyridoxine and magnesium 4). Treatment is aimed at preventing the parent compound (ethylene glycol) from being metabolized, as it is the metabolites that cause acute kidney injury. Ethylene glycol is also used in the manufacture of some vaccines, but it is not itself present in these injections. Loading dose is 15mg/kg in 100 mls of NS or D5W infused over 30 minutes Next 10mg/kg every 12 hours for two days Next 15mg/kg every 12 hours until the ethylene glycol level is less than 2 and pt. Ethylene Glycol CAS RN: 107-21-1 ... as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. Glycol based coolants are either composed of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol. The goal in therapy is to maintain the poisoned patient at a serum ethanol concentration of 100-200 mg/dL. Glycol is toxic to the whole spectrum of organisms from staphylococcus bacteria to mammals. We report a prediction model for the duration of high- Ethylene glycol toxicity is a potentially fatal condition that results from the ingestion of substances containing ethylene glycol, an organic compound commonly seen in antifreeze. Most ethylene glycol poisonings occur … In April , ethylene glycol continued its downward trend, and the cash flow of ethylene-to-ethylene glycol continued to expand. The humectant (water attracting) properties of MEG products also make them ideal for use in fibres treatment, paper, adhesives, printing inks, leather and cellophane. As little as 1oz (a standard shot of Alcohol) of Anti-Freeze can kill an adult human, but as high as 9oz have been recorded before fatal dosing. In Children, as little as 2 teaspoons can be fatal, with as much as 4oz being recorded before fatal dosing. By Rick Geller, MD, MPH, FACMT Ethylene glycol (C2H6O2 Ethylene glycol is an odorless, colorless, sweet-tasting syrupy substance with a molecular weight of 62.07, freezing point of -13°C and a boiling point of 197.6°C. Ethylene glycol ethers and acetates are used in paint and coatings, hard-surface cleaners, polishes, solvents, chemical intermediates, surfactants, agricultural chemicals and corrosion inhibitors. 1) Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. (1) Ethylene glycol is a water-soluble compound often present in household and car products. Due to the presence of both an ether and a hydroxyl group in the same molecule, these products are miscible in water, as well as most organic solvents. Detailed studies of the enzymatic oxidation of ethylene glycol demonstrate that ethyl alcohol, the natural substrate, is a potent competitive inhibitor of the oxidation of ethylene glycol. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a versatile polyether being utilized in various applications, in particular in medicine. Ethylene glycol is toxic to aquatic and mammalian organisms; it is best contained and recycled or otherwise pretreated before disposal. Nearly half of these deaths were due to ethylene glycol or methanol. Treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning consists of emergent stabilisation, correction of metabolic acidosis, inhibition of further metabolism and enhancing elimination of both unmetabolised parent compound and its metabolites. Early Stages: Ethylene Glycol Toxicity – Laboratory Abnormalities Parry MF, Wallach R. Ethylene glycol poisoning. However, while ethylene glycol and propylene glycol General advice : Move out of dangerous area. Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are clear liquids used in antifreeze and deicing solutions. There are two streams to be treated, we are looking at treating the first stream as its easier, then the second stream given the opportunity. Background: Methanol or ethylene glycol ingestion may result in significant morbidity or death without prompt treatment. Methanol is cleared via respiration, with a half-life of ~50 hours! ... Cracked Heels Treatment ⦠Industrial grade glycol is composed of either ethylene or propylene glycol, a corrosion inhibitor, and water. Recently, I received an inquiry from a client friend who attended a public seminar on Wastewater Treatment Systems – operation, maintenance and troubleshooting, where I was the I.P.A’s main presentor. It can harm the eyes, skin, kidneys, and respiratory system. Ethylene glycol can be used to expand swelling clays (e.g., smectites, mont- morillonite, nontronite and beidellite), some mixed-layer clays, and vermiculite as an aid to mineral identification. A 10% ethanol solution should be utilized for IV administration, or a 20% ethanol Dependant on • Quantity of ethylene glycol ingested • Rate of absorption • Time before intervention Good prognosis if treatment is given within three hours post ingestion Worse prognosis as the time interval between treatment and ingestion increases Grave prognosis if … In geothermal heating/cooling systems, ethylene glycol is the fluid that transports heat through the use of a geothermal heat pump. Ingestion of ethylene glycol is a relatively infrequent cause of acute poisoning in the United States, comprising only a small fraction of the nearly 1.3 million patient visits to American emergency departments for treatment of acute poisoning in 2010. 1,2-dihydroxyethane, 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2ethanediol, 2-hydroxyethanol, ethane-1,2-diol, ethylene glycol, and glycol Cancer Cancer: Ingredients linked to cancer in government, industry or … 0.4.2 ORAL EXPOSURE. The ethylene glycol either gains energy from the source (lake, ocean, water well) or dissipates heat to the sink, depending on whether the system is being used … The level of exposure depends upon the … These architectures consist of both linear and branched polymer chains in molecular weights ranging from ~550 to >8,000,000 Da (Fig. A: No. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. For this reason it is being replaced, for now, b the less y toxic propylene glycol for aircraft deicing. Am J Med. Common diagnostics include a CBC, serum biochemistry, and urinalysis. Most ethylene glycol poisonings occur ⦠correction of metabolic acidosis via administration of sodium bicarbonate and use of dialysis (1) Note that automotive grade glycol should not be used in commercial or industrial glycol systems because their corrosion inhibitors have a limited useful life and they contain silicates which can foul or … 1965 Dec 13; 194 (11):1231–1233. Survival review of 36 serious cases and chart review of 17 cases. Workers may be harmed from exposure to ethylene glycol. With treatment, ethylene glycol can be flushed from the animal’s system and outcompeted with a compound that reacts with ADH faster than does ethylene glycol. Treatment of the poisoning with ethylene glycol First of all, urgent help is required in case of ethylene glycol poisoning: emptying the stomach and washing it with a large amount of soda solution (tablespoon per liter of water), which is effective only after the ingestion of ethanol - during the first hour. Ethylene glycol is a water-soluble compound often present in household and car products. Use our filters to select the heat transfer fluid that suits your needs. 8.7.1.2.1 Poly ethylene glycol and poly ethylene oxide. Nearly half of these deaths were due to ethylene glycol or methanol. Later symptoms may include a decreased level of consciousness, headache, and seizures. Pure water freezes at 32° F, but a 60% solution of ethylene glycol pushes the freeze point down to -60° F. While the freeze point of pure glycol is only -39° F, the synergy between glycol and water results in … FYI, the second stream has about 830 mg/L ethylene glycol. Ethylene glycol is an odorless, sweet-tasting liquid found in industrial solutions such as antifreeze and windshield wiper fluid. 1974 Jul; 57 (1):143–150. Treatment / Management Treatment options for ethylene glycol toxicity include supportive care, fomepizole (Antizole, 4-Methylpyrazole or 4MP), ethanol, dialysis and theoretically, thiamine, pyridoxine and magnesium. killing rot organisms and wood-destroying insects in infested wood. Ethylene glycol production and purification. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by ARUP Laboratories. All of the published material on its effectiveness against Treatment. Ethylene glycol is the fourth most common query the service receives on cat poisonings. Consult standard literature for details of treatment. Ethylene glycol is a traditional cause of high anion gap metabolic acidosis, and occupies the "E" spot in the MUDPILES mnemonic. Ethylene glycol is a colorless, odorless, sweet-tasting chemical. Fomepizole is the antidote for toxic alcohols, and it acts by inhibiting alcohol dehydrogenase to cease toxic alcohol metabolism. Whether or not a mineral expands and the amount of expansion can provide essential supplementary information aiding … ETHYLENE GLYCOL TREATMENT Organic liquids, primarily ethylene glycol and glycerol, are extensively used as an auxiliary treatment to expand swelling clays. If a pet is thought to have consumed ethylene glycol, the veterinarian will recommend a number of initial diagnostics and treatments. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attend-ance. PEG and PEO are currently FDA licensed and are used for several tissue engineering applications. Prompt recognition and treatment of patients intoxicated with these substances can reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with these alcohols. Glycoaldehyde is then oxidised to glycolic acid, glyoxylic acid and finally oxalic acid. Some blood gas analysers are unable to differentiate them, resulting in an artefactual lactate elevation. Answer: Ethylene Glycol Toxicity. Confusion has arisen, because polyethylene glycol (a chemical used in antifreeze and personal care products like skin creams and toothpaste) is used in vaccines and is safe. Glycol Corrosion Inhibitor Treatment ChemWorld 5290-SR1 Glycol Corrosion Inhibitor. Ethylene glycol can cause death if swallowed. Ethylene glycol poisoning is poisoning caused by drinking ethylene glycol. I'm not entirely sure how it entered the stream. Ethylene glycol (EG) toxicity Extended Version Rx of choice: Immediate treatment for EG toxicity is critical “Due to rapid progression and irreversibility of renal lesions, any patient suspected of consuming EG should be tested and decontaminated unless/until exposure has been ruled out; Workers may be harmed from exposure to ethylene glycol. Treatment is best started as soon as possible to minimize production of these toxic metabolites. Documents (PDF) Mono-Ethylene-Glycol-Product-Spec-909018-23rd-Aug-2017 (PDF) Supplier’s declaration of Conformity (SDoC) Directions for use. Ethylene glycol is extremely toxic. Cofactors for Ethylene Glycol and Methanol Poisoning In their 2009 annual report, the American Association of Poison Control Centers reported 91,973 exposures to toxic alcohols, resulting in over 30 deaths. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.) 1 gallon converts 28 gallons of pure 99.9% Propylene Glycol into a 95% solution of Inhibited Propylene Glycol. It is most commonly encountered as automotive antifreeze. Expeditious diagnosis and treatment Ethylene glycol is extremely toxic. Sa formule semi-développée est HOâCH 2 âCH 2 âOH et sa formule brute C 2 H 6 O 2 (c'est le plus simple des diols).L'éthylène glycol est fréquemment employé en tant qu'antigel, dans le liquide de refroidissement des automobiles. A) MANAGEMENT OF MILD TO MODERATE TOXICITY . treatment of acute ethylene glycol poisoning is dependent on concentration, the operational parameters used during HD, and the presence and severity of metabolic acidosis. It is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and then metabolized by the liver enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase to form the toxic compounds: glycoaldehyde, glycolic acid, glyoxalic acid, and oxalic acid. The major advantages which glycol coolants confer are an improved resistance to corrosion as well as antifreeze properties. Synonyms: Ethylene glycol Industrial/Ethylene glycol Meglob-al/Glycol/Solv Ethylene glycol, SECTION 4. Following ingestion, ethylene glycol is first hepatically metabolised to glycoaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase. Emergency Treatment . There is no antidote to ethylene oxide poisoning, and treatment consists of decontamination as well as respiratory and cardiovascular support. Ethylene glycol is highly toxic to humans and is not used in food products. L'éthylène glycol ou glycol ou encore éthane-1,2-diol est le plus simple composé chimique de la famille des glycols. We have a selection of Ethylene Glycol from Dow for the water treatment industry. B) MANAGEMENT OF SEVERE TOXICITY . JAMA. Summary Propylene glycol is a synthetic, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid that ⦠Our case highlights the importance of recognising a falsely elevated lactate, which should raise clinical suspicion of ethylene glycol poisoning, as the treatment … An evaluation of the safety and ease of titrating ethanol infusions is necessary given the availability of an alternative antidote. Oxygenated solvents are organic solvents containing oxygen molecules, created through chemical reactions from olefins. DESCRIPTION: Ethylene glycol is a useful industrial compound found in many consumer products, including automotive antifreeze, hydraulic brake fluids, some stamp pad inks, ballpoint pens, solvents, paints, plastics, films, and cosmetics; it also is used as a pharmaceutical vehicle. Ethylene glycol has a half-life of ~3-8 hours, whereas methanol has a half-life of ~2-3 hours. HYGIENE MEASURES DO NOT SMOKE IN WORK AREA! It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. If a pet is thought to have consumed ethylene glycol, the veterinarian will recommend a number of initial diagnostics and treatments. HAND PROTECTION Use protective gloves made of: Rubber, neoprene or PVC. Oxalic acid is another byproduct, which causes acute tubular necrosis and degrades opportunities for acid-base recovery. It is used as a minor (1â2%) ingredient in shoe polish and also in some inks and dyes. Fomepizole Fomepizole (4- -methylpyrazole) Cont. pH-Triggered Poly(ethylene glycol)âPoly(lactic acid/glycolic acid)/Croconaine Nanoparticles-Assisted Multiplexed Photoacoustic Imaging and Enhanced Photothermal Cancer Therapy Shiying Li Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China Most intoxications are associated with ingestion of antifreeze, which is typically 95% EG. Loading dose is 15mg/kg in 100 mls of NS or D5W infused over 30 minutes Next 10mg/kg every 12 hours for two days Next 15mg/kg every 12 hours until the ethylene glycol level is less than 2 and pt. asymptomatic with a normal pH Glycol is a chemical used in closed loop systems to protect the fluid from freezing. Ethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether CAS RN: 629-14-1 Treatment Overview. It is sweet smelling and some animals will not hesitate to lap it right up off of the garage floor. All animals are susceptible to ethylene glycol (EG) toxicity, but it is most common in dogs and cats. The World Health Organization (WHO) has specified that the acceptable daily intake of propylene glycol as a food additive is no more than 25 mg per kilogram of weight per 24 hours. We have a selection of Ethylene Glycol from Dow for the water treatment industry. Ethylene glycol may be swallowed accidentally, or it may be taken deliberately in a suicide attempt or as a substitute for drinking alcohol (ethanol). Fomepizole is the antidote for toxic alcohols, and it acts by inhibiting alcohol dehydrogenase to cease toxic alcohol metabolism. Toxicity and death may occur after drinking even a small amount. These 95% commercial antifreeze preparations are diluted ~50% with water when used in vehicle cooling systems. There are two ethylene glycol treatment methods: Recently, fomepizole (4-methylpyrazole), another in-hibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), has been ap- In-house ethylene glycol tests may also be utilized, if the ingestion occurred within the last 12 hours. With either antidote, the treatment should be continued until the ethylene glycol level is undetectable or both symptoms and acidosis resolve and the level is < 20 mg/dL.
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